The Impact of Native American Activity on Vegetation and Soil Charcoal in the Eastern US - Juniper Publishers
The Impact of Native American Activity on Vegetation and Soil Charcoal in the Eastern US
Authored by Abrams Marc D
This research was conducted to ascertain whether areas of cultural
resources where significant Native American activity has occurred during
the Late Woodland and Mississippian Time Periods can be identified
through the dominant vegetation composition and soil features of the
present-day landscape. A general hypothesis is that Native Americans
left a legacy of their land uses in the present-day ecosystem by
propagating certain important wild plant species and crop species in the
forest, known as “indicator species”, as well as the presence of soil
charcoal from past fire activity. Present-day forest ecosystems in
eastern Virginia and northern New York contained many Native American
indicator species and buried soil charcoal. Pinpointing a combination of
geological, soil, topographical and vegetation characteristics that are
typical of Late Woodland and Mississippian Time Period Native American
cultural sites could allow Cultural Resources Managers to more
efficiently identify landscapes where the probability of locating
archaeological features is greater. Analysis of these features may also
allow personnel to more accurately characterize the types of land use or
activities that occurred on these sites. Soil charcoal analysis could
serve as a rapid method of determining fire history during the time
period of interest. Surveys of vegetation could be integrated into
testing strategies either before or after archaeological site discovery,
to both locate landscapes of particular interest, or further elucidate
what kinds of activities may have been occurring following the discovery
of a site.
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